Photo Courtesy USGS General Information
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/gwhowtofind.html
The
layers of soil and rock below the water
table are classified in two broad categories:
Aquifers are
water bearing layers (or formations)
that yield water to wells in usable amounts.
Typical aquifers are made of sand, gravel
or sandstone. These materials have large
enough pore spaces between grains that
water moves freely. Coal and shale are
also suitable aquifer materials provided
they are fractured (or cracked) enough
to allow water to over through them easily.
Unconfined aquifers
are exposed directly to the atmosphere
through openings in the soil. The
volume of water in unconfined aquifers
is
mainly dependent on seasonal cycles
of precipitation that refills the
aquifer. A water table aquifer is
an example
of an unconfined aquifer.
A confined aquifer is trapped below
an upper confining layer of rock, clay
or shale. When a well is drilled into
a confined aquifer, the water level
rises above the level of the aquifer.
Aquifers that are completely saturated
with water and under pressure are called
artesian aquifers. A flowing artesian
well results when the pressure in the
aquifer raises the water level above
the ground surface.
Aquicludes are
water bearing formations that cannot yield
adequate water for wells. Examples of these
are clay and unfractured shale and coal.
The pore spaces between grains of these
materials are so small that water moves
extremely slowly.
Factors Affecting Groundwater Quality
There are several factors that affect
groundwater quality including Depth from
surface, Permeability, climactic variations,
and chemical makeup of the sediments
through which groundwater moves. An understanding
of the factors that affect groundwater
quality helps us make decisions on well
depth and the best water quality for
a particular application.
Photo courtesy of MVMQuality Drilling
Water Well Pumps & Systems
When you turn the tap you set a series of actions
in motion.
To ensure adequate water pressure, well water
is stored inside your building in a pressure
tank. Normal water pressure is between 40 and
60 psi (pounds per square inch).
As water continues to run, the volume of water
in the pressure tank drops, which also lowers
the water pressure.
When the pressure drops below 40 psi a pressure
switch activates the water pump system. The
submersible water pump pumps water into the
pressure tank until normal pressure is reached
and the pump automatically shuts off. A safety
valve installed on the pressure tank is designed
to release pressure should it exceed 75 psi.
info
courtesy of Cushing & Sons
Facts and Resources
Understanding Ground
Water
What is ground water, and where does it come
from?
Ground water is the water that fills cracks, voids, and other openings in beds
of rocks, sand, and soil. Each drop of rain that soaks into the soil moves downward,
fills available space, and forms a large subsurface storage of water that interacts
with any substance that comes in contact with it.
Many streams and lakes are “windows” to the earth’s water table.
In large part, a stream represents water that has moved from the ground into
the stream channel.
Most ground water flows directly
into streams, rivers, and lakes through streambeds
or the
bottom of lakes. On occasion, ground water
emerges out of an aquifer at a land surface—which
makes a spring.
Water Well Drilling
A water well is an artificial excavation or
structure put down by any method such as digging,
driving, boring, or drilling for the purposes
of withdrawing water from underground aquifers.
A well is made by reaching ground water in
the water table. Ground water is stored naturally
below the earth's surface. Most ground water
originates as rain or snow that seeps into
the ground and collects. Ground water provides
about 20 percent of the fresh water used in
the United States. Most rural areas, and some
cities depend on ground water as their source
for water.
A Well Driller's
Passport
The well driller stood before the heavenly
gate
His features pinched and cold.
He bowed before the man of fate
Seeking admission to the fold.
What have you done, St. Peter asked
To gain admission here?
I was a Well Driller, Sir
For many a weary year.
The pearly gate swung open wide
And St. Peter pressed the bell.
Come in and choose your harp he said,
You've had your share of HELL!
Pump
Selection & Installation
Before we recommend a pump, we will factor in:
How much water will be needed at peak demand
The well's yield potential in gallons per minute
Diameter of the well at the pumping level
Depth of ground water below the surface
Distance and elevation above the well
Future needs, such as irrigation
Dear Mr. Roberts,
I would like to thank you and your employees
for the excellent, fast and friendly service
that was provided for me. To have a busy company
such as yours come to my house and install
a pump on the same day was exceptional. Your
company and employees should be recommended,
for this is rearely seen these days.
I am highly Satisfied and will continue to
use your services if necessary in the future,
and will recommend you to my family, friends,
and neighbors if they are in need of any well
services or installation.
Sincerely,
Lizabeth M.
With hundreds of satisfied
customers, our track record speaks for itself.
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